Middle ages test

Today we took our last test ever in Mr. Schick's western civ class YYYAAAASSSSSSSS :) We only had like a 20 minute class because of senior awards so all we did was take the test and then he graded them but I didn't want to know what I got because I don't think I did very well but serves you right because who gives a test 2 school days before exams????????? You cray.

Middle ages review

• 476-1453 AD Middle Ages
• They followed their heritage after Rome and their costumes after Germanic tribes
• 5th century Germans invade the western half of the Roman empire causing a disruption of trade, the downfall of cities, and population shifts to rural areas
• decline in learning
• warriors were loyal to their lord
• Clovis rules the Franks 
• 496- battle field conversion- 3,000 of his warriors became Christian
• 511- Franks are united under one kingdom with Clovis and the church working as partners 
• 520- Benedict writes rules for monks 
• vows of poverty 
• chastity
• obedience 
• Scholastica wrote rules for nuns
• Bede wrote the history of England
• Government based around the church- theocracy 
• Europe is made up of smaller kingdoms 
• Charles Martels son- Pepin the Short 
• son #2- Charles known as Charlemagne or Charles the Great 
• 6 foot 4 
• most powerful king in western EUROPE 
• kept a close watch on the huge estates 
• Louis the Pious' 3 sons- Lothair, Charles the Bald, and Louis the German split up the kingdom into 3 sections at the treaty of Verdun in 843 AD  

Middle Ages notesssssssssssssssss

Middle Ages- 476-1453 AD
476- when Romulus Augustus was told to step down as emperor
This new society has roots in:
- classical heritage of Rome
- beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church
- customs of various Germanic tribes

5th century Germanic invaders overrun the western half of the Roman Empire causing:
- disruption of trade
- downfall of cities
- population shifts to rural areas

Charles the Hammer
- defeats a Muslim raiding party from Spain at the Battle of Tours in 732
- if he hadn't won, western Europe could have become a part of the Muslim Empire

Charlemagne
- 6 foot 4
- fought Germanic tribes
- spread Christianity
- encouraged learning
- gave power to lower class

Treaty of Verdun (843 AD)- Louis the Pious has three sons who couldn't agree on who was next in line for the throne. They solved their disagreement by splitting the kingdom three ways.

Middle Ages again and stories

Today we talked about Christianity in the Middle ages and then Mr. Schick got all distracted and told us stories about his child hood. Well anyway here's some notes

EXAM Q:
Describe how Christianity evolved from a cult into the worlds largest religion.

•  A European Empire Evolves
• Franks control the largest European kingdom 
• Te Roman province formerly known as Gaul
• Ruled by Clovis- the Merovinian Dynasty 
• Mayor domo - mayor of the palace- ruled the kingdom
• Charles Martel- Charles the Hammer
• Extended the Franks reign to the north, south, and east

There was more on this slide but I didn't have time to write it downnnnnn

Middle Ages

Germanic Kingdoms Unite under Charlemange
-Charlemange spread Chirstian civilization throughout northern Europe
Middle ages- medieval period (500-1500 AC)

• Invasions trigger change in western Europe
• Invasions and constant war sparks new trend 
• disruption of trade
• Europe's cities are no longer economic 
• Money is scarce
• Downfall of cities
• Cities are no longer centers of administration 
• Population shifts
• Nobles retreat to the rural areas
• Cities don't have strong leadership 
• Decline in learning 
• Germanic invaders are illiterate but they communicate through oral tradition 
• Only church officials could read and write 
• Knowledge of Greek, literature, science and philosophy are almost lost 
• Loss of a common language 
• Dialects develope in different regions 
• By the 800's, French, Spanish, and other Roman-based languages are evolving from Latin 
• Germanic kingdoms emerge 
• The concept of government changes 
• Roman society: loyal to the public government 
• Germanic society: loyal to family
• Germanic cheif led warriors 
• During peace, he provided food, weapons, treasure, and a place to live (lord's hall)
• During wartime, warrioirs fought for the lord (not the king)
• ""The king? Who's that? You want to collect taxes from me?" 
• Franks lived in the Roman providence of Gaul- their leader was Clovis
• The Franks under Clovis 
• Another battlefield conversion 
• Clovis and 300 of his warriors are baptised by the bishops 
• The church in Rome approve of this alliance 
• Clovis and the church work together 
• Germanic people adopt Christianity 
• 511 AD- Clovis unites the Franks into one kingdom 
• 600 AD- Church + Frankish rulers convert many 
• Fear of Muslims in southern Europe spur many to become Christian 
• Monasteries and convents
• 520 AD- Benedict wrote the rules for monks and monasteries 
• Poverty, chastity, obedience and study 
• His sister Scholastica did the same for nuns in convents
• 731 AD- the Venerable Bede wrote the history of England 
• Monks opened schools, maintained libraries, and copied books
• (Pop) Gregory I expands papal power 
• Papacy= pope's office
• Secular power= worldly power 
• The church can use its money to raise armies, repair roads, help the poor
• Gregory the Great began to act as Mayor of Rome and as head of an earthly kingdom (Christendom) 

Rome's Decline

Diocletian

• Ruled from 284-303
• It was cool to persecute Christians
• Rome needs a big army (400,000)
• Rome needs a big government (20,000 officials)

Constantine

• Rules from 306-337
• It was cool to be a Xian
• Conversion to Christianity b/c he saw a cross in the sky
• 313- His Edict of Milan proclaims freedom of worship
• Built a new capital in the East
• Byzantium- soon to be known as Constantinople  

Life in 4th Century

• Country dwellers are bankrupt due to taxes
• Farming system: peasants work for elite landlords on large farms
• Peasant can avoid paying taxes, but are getting hit just as hard by the landlords
• Paying off debts by working for a patrician in exchange for endless back-breaking work
• Landowners were counts and bishops having more power than the faraway empire
• Foreshadowing feudalism 

Yet another test on Rome

YAYYAYAAYAYYAYAY SO WE ARE FINALLLYYYYYYYYYY DONE WITH ROME <3333333
We took out last test on it today, until exams anyway, and we are starting the Middle Ages. Even though it's probably going to be super boring, I'll take anything over Rome. So anyway, here's some notes from pg. 151

Chronology
Fifth century: Angles and Saxons invade Britain
486: Clovis leads Frankish confederacy against Romans and rival Germanic invaders in Gaul
527-565: Reign of Emperor Justinian in the eastern Empire
542: plague hits Egypt, then spreads throughout the Mediterranean area and much of western Europe
568: Lombard conquer most of northern Italy
570-632- Life of Muhammad
595- Missionaries sent by the pope begin to convert the pagans of England
711- Muslim invasion of Spain
800- Slavs occupy almost all of Eastern Europe

Free moddd

Today in Western Civ we did nothing. We're having a test on Rome tomorrow. Um yeah ok bye

PG 123 Notes

200 AD

•  the Germanic barbarians in north Europe got richer and a stronger army
• they became such a threat to Rome that emperors had to build up the army with central government and ruling as monarchs.
• during this time Christianity began to grow and spread 
• it became more and more tolerated by officials 
• eventually it became Rome's official and majority religion 

Rome Testtttt

Todayyyyyy we took a test on Romeeeeeeee. I got an 85 soooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo yah, that's all we did. When we finished we were allowed to work on another subject and I did English homework. Then Mr. Schick graded the tests and told us the grades. Then he told us a story about college.

**REVIEW**

Three groups of people dominated early Rome- Etruscan, Latins, Greeks
Last Etruscan king -Tarqin the proud 534-510
After Tarquin, the gov becomes a republic res publica (the peoples' business)

patrician- upper class, landowning, powerful
plebeian- farmers, common people
senate-group of 300 people appointed for life by the consuls who advise the consuls
consuls- two people who are the head of the government and the military, they vetoed each others' laws. had one year terms
tribunes- leaders of the plebeian assembly; at first they were powerless and gained ground over the years
the twelve tables- marked the first time laws were written down in Rome. Protected plebs from getting pushed around by patricians and getting arrested for things they didn't know were illegal
publicly displayed in the forum

The Roman Republic serves as a model for the Constitution of the US and its separation of powers 
Senate/Assemblies-US Senate/House of Reps
Consuls/Dictator- President 
Senate could act like judges- like the Supreme Court 

Only the rich could serve in the Senate b/c they weren't paid but worked their way up from low-ranking magistrates to higher ones. They spend a lot to look good, popular, and powerful, making them electable. Plebs couldn't afford that.

The forum- Romes political center was built between 600 and 500 BC
Paterfamilias- the head of the Roman family.

Caesar Augustus was the first emperor
Caligula- Germanic's' son, Tiberius' adopted grandson, next in line for emperor. He made gov spending a matter of public record and gave the people the right of speech. He got sex crazy. The senate killed him
Claudius- had disabilities (limp, slight deafness, speech impediment- cerebral palsy or polio) Had his wife and her lover killed.

Rome Review

Caesar Augustus- first emperor
Pax Romana- a period of peace
Jesus
-was a Roman citizen
-Jewish
-started his ministry at the age of 30 (AD 31-33)

Caligula
-Tiberus' adopted grandson
-in the Caesar bloodline
-gave people freedom of speech
-made government spending a matter of public record
-fights with the senate
-declares himself a god and put statues in Jewish temples
-he went psycho- slept around and bragged about it, indulged in too much spending and sex, tried to make his horse a consul
-was killed at the age of 28

Claudius
-probably had cerebral palsy or polio
-last adult male in Caesars' family
-ostracized by his family
-conquered Britain
-His wife was planning to kill him and give power to her lover

66 AD a group of Jews called Zealots tried to rebel- Roman troop burned their temple down except for one wall (Western Wall) 1/2 a million Jews died in the rebellion

At this point, Christianity was viewed as a cult because they had to worship in secret. If caught, they were often executed

Stupid notes on stupid Rome

Assassination and another Caesar 

• In 44 BC Caesar was voted dictator for life
• To the senate, Caesar was a tyrant so on the ides of March (March 15) 44 BC they stabbed Caesar to death
• Mark Antony, Brutus, Cassius, and Octavian took over: they divided the land between them, Octavian in Rome, Lepidus in North Africa, Mark Antony in Alexandria 
• Antony had an affair with Queen Cleopatra making him unpopular in Rome 
• Octavian pushed Lepidus out of power 
• In 31 BC Octavian and Antony went to war and within a year after being defeated, Antony and Cleopatra had both committed suicide
• Octavian became supreme warlord

The Rule of the Emperors 

• Octavian went under a new title: Augustus

The First Citizen

• Princeps- "first citizen" a name given to prominent leaders who were considered indispensable to the republic 
• In 27 BC Augustus made an arrangement with the senate where he was confirmed commander in chief, and in return he granted them supervision of Italy, Rome, and provinces where there were no stationed armed forces 
• He killed his opponents among the senate and replaced them with allies 
• The people's assembly had lost power to elect or make laws 

The Divine Being 

• Greek cities began building shrines in his honor, worshiping Augustus as a God-sent human
• When he died, the senate declared him to be a Divine Being like they did with Caesar
• Augustus acquired the title "Father of the Fatherland"
• Passed laws against: 
• adultery by women 
• both men and women who failed to marry
• exempted mothers of more than three children from needing guardianship 

Reform, Reconstruction, and the End of Expansion 

• Augustus began a series of reforms:
• He brought the system of government elections under his personal control
• He kept control over the affairs of the empire as a whole
• He reorganized the army to ensure the soldiers' loyalty. With the addition of Mark Antony's troops, Augustus had a combined army of 600,000- impossible to pay for and keep under control, so he cut the troops in half and paid the men he discharged with land and money
• By the end of his rule, all of the soldiers were volunteers

Movie and stories

Today in Western Civ we were being rewarded I guess for being less obnoxious all the time. So we got to watch a video about some crazy guy in Rome. It took forever for the video to load so while we waited Mr. Schick told us about setting children on fire and insulting old ladies. Erica gave me her last piece of gum <33 We will probably take a test on Rome on Friday?? But probably not because we haven't reviewed or anything and we don't have class on Thursday. Happy Wednesday

Romeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee

• When Caesar gets killed, Rome changes from a republic to an empire with Augustus in charge
• Pax Romana- a period of peace 
• He built roads, aqueducts 
• Set up civil service to take care of the roads, the grain supply, and the postal service
• Augustus dies at the age of 76 in 14 AD and passes his power to Tiberius 
• Jesus was a Roman citizen and a practicing Jew
• He began his ministry at the age of 30 preaching to the poor in the empire and reaching out to outsiders like women who didn't have many rights. 
• Roman's in power were worried about Jesus planning an overthrow of the government 
• Pontius Pilate sentenced Jesus to death by crucifixion
• Paul was instrumental  in telling the world about Jesus' life, death, resurrection, and message  

Some More Rome

• Proletarians- the lowest class of Roman citizens 
• The character of the Roman army began to change. Instead of the farmer-soldiers of old, it was now landless proletarians who were being drafted. The soldiers were now "semi-professionals" who fought just so they could better themselves through pay, loot, promotion, and land or money to provide for them when they were discharged. 
• Government by supreme warlords was bound to be brief and unstable- unless one of them could turn military dictatorship into legitimate power.
• Julius Caesar came from an old patrician family that had come down in the world and entered the cities politics as a young man determined to regain the power of his ancestors- very ambitious 
• in social struggles he often sided with poorer citizens
• First Triumvirate 
• Crassus- army general
• Pompey- richest guy in the world
• Julius Caesar
• Caesar won an appointemen as proconsul of Gaul (superrrrrrrrrrrrr big) 
• In eight years, Caesar conquered Gaul and parts of Britain and Germany. By 50 BC most of western Europe was under Roman rule, and Caesar had built an army personally devoted to himself. 
• Rubicon
• When Caesar returned to Rome he made himself supreme ruler of the republic, he appointed himself tribune, supreme pontiff, consul, and dictator for a ten year term  

presentation day no. 3

Friday was the last day for presentations. Alexa's was awesome. There was food. Laura had cheap honey. Ryan ate 6 pieces of toast...................... happy weekend

presentation day no. 2

These presentation days are incredibly boring. I presented and it was all good I guess. Delaney had a super awesome project anddddddd yahh. So I think you said something about homework but you never posted anything soooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo................ ok.

presentation day no.1

Today in western civ it was like super boring because everybody was presenting and yeah. Arri was being stupid and couldn't get his computer to work so he wasted like 4 hours yelling at life. I think I was supposed to present today but since Arri's stupid  we didn't have enough time. I guess I'll present tomorrow. Erica's group had food but I couldn't try it because it had eggs in it. bummer.

quest

Today in Western Civ we took quest on Rome. The last class did super bad and their grade average was like a D so I probbbabbllyyyy didn't as well as I thought I did. I finished pretty early but still, you know how these things go. I have't really started on my project yet, all I've done is think of the idea and got some supplies. I'll probably do most of the work early next week. So I'm super excited right now because right after school I'm driving down to Tyson's Corner for a dance convention and I'll be there all weekend and my team competes on Saturday. I'm staying in a hotel which makes me happy because hotels make me feel all rich and important. So in 4 hours and 37 minutes it will be spring breakkkkkkkkkkk So happy Easter :)

Notes and test and project oh my

Today we started class talking about the upcoming quiz/ test/ tiz/ quest. We reviewed a crap load of questions and then talked about the Roman military so here's some notes
Roman Legion- 5,000 people
Infantry- on foot
Cavalry- On horse/ anteater/ dinosaur
Century- a group of 80 (not 100, weird right?)
1st Punic war fought over Sicily- Romans won
2nd Punic war (feat. Hannibal- Carthaginian general) Carthage attempts at revenge but Roman win
3rd Punic war- Romans want to eliminate Carthaginian threat. They destroy the land and salted fields so the couldn't grow anything
Carthage located in North West Africa

After we that we talked about the project and I got kinda stressed because I haven't really figured out hat to doooo but hopefuuly I'll have it figured out by tonight

Punic warssssssssssss

Today in Western Civ we watched a movie video thing about the Punic wars. It was a cute little animation thing but the narrator talked like w a y too fast. I think we have a test on it Friday....... So I changed my mind for what I am doing for this stupid project thing and I'm going to show how Roman citizens lived during this time. I'll do a power point with the different ranks of people on each slide. I was going to build a Colosseum but I don't know how I would even do that and I'm not anywhere near artistic enough.

More Notes on Rome- the Punic Wars

When men were away at war, the rich would offer money to the women for the farm/family business/ whatever. The Gracchus brothers were two men who were elected into the assembly who tried to help the poor by asking the rich to give the people their land back. They got the law passed to the senate before they were killed, and the law was overturned.
Latifundia (I think that's how you spell it)- the big estates the rich accumulated

Rome had all of Italy south of the River Po. The Carthaginians' interest in Sicily brought them into conflict with Rome. The Punic wars lasted between 264 and 146 BC in three rounds. In the first round, Rome forced Carthage out of Sicily but the North African city kept the rest of its empire. In the second round, Hannibal, a Carthaginian general invaded Italy but lost due to their dwindling numbers. Rome Provoked a third war due to fear of revival, and the Senate ordered that the land be leveled and the people be sold to slavery.

Rome notes

• The Romans not only imitated Greek civilization but also improved it; at least as far as government, warfare, and architecture 
• Indo- European immigrants arrive in a Mediterranean land with farming resources that were similar to those of Greece 
• The Indo-European settlers formed various tribal groups, among them the Latin people of central Italy near the mouth of the Tiber River 
• The Etruscans were non-Indo-European immigrants who arrived in Italy from somewhere to the east about the ninth century BC
• The Greek city-states began to plant colonies in Southern Italy as early as the eighth century BC
• The king was advised by a council of elders called the Senate (meaning "old man" in Latin) 
• Patricians (men with fathers) that is fathers who already belong in a leading family. When a king died, the Senate chooses his successor from his own members. 
• Tarquin the Proud ruled from 535-509 BC
• In 509 BC when the poeple overruled Tarquin, monarchy was abolished replaced with the republic- a mixture of Greek and oligarchy  
• Plebians were common people 
• Two consuls were elected to share power previously held by the king. The two of them could veto each other guaranteeing against a revival of monarchy 

Rome Notes

• Latins were the first to settle in ancient Rome
• People in Rome felt they were destined to do something amazing because they lived in the middle of the middle of the earth- they were very ambitions 
• They drained a swamp into the River Tiber so they could settle on that land
• Tarquin the Proud was a harsh king who the people over threw 
• With out the burden of the king, the people made a new government. It had three different governments (democracy, aristocracy, and monarchy) rolled into one, called a republic 
• plebeian- common person
• patricians- rich people; aristocrats 
• consuls- two people with the most power who could veto each other

Ayyee

Todayyy Mr. Schick sang a kick butt song about Rome. After that we talked about our upcoming projects on Rome. I wassssss going to work with Pia but Teter is a loser and wont let his class work with other classes so I'll just have to go it aloneee
So I'm not really sure what I'm going to for this thing but I'm thinking either the map showing the expansion of Rome or recreate authentic clothing.
But class was super boring today ): so there's not much to sayyyyyy
Um, my brother Kevin started to hike the Appalachian Trail starting in Georgia and ending in Maine so let's talk about that. He says he's going to hike the whole thing but only 1 in 4 thru hikers actually complete the trail. The AT is one of the longest marked foot paths like ever measuring over 2,000 miles long (according to: http://www.appalachiantrail.org/about-the-trail) They say that up to 3 million people wander these woods every year. The thing I find awsomest is the trail names hikers usually adopt on the trail. It seems like almost getting a new identity, like the trail can change you. I can't wait to see what nick names Kevin picks up along the way.
They say it takes about 6 months to complete the trail, but every hiker is different. Another cool fact I got from this website is "The total elevation gain of hiking the entire A.T. is equivalent to climbing Mt. Everest 16 times." 
It's probably like the best human experience out there, and I hope to one day do something as awesome as this.

The Roman Empire

• The Romans borrowed directly from the Greeks
• At first they were ruled by a king who was advised by a council of elders called the Senate. The Senate was chosen from a group of patricians, appointed by the king. 
• Patricians- "men with fathers" meaning men who were born into a ruling family 
• Around 500 BC monarchy was abolished, replaced by a republic, its Latin routes meaning "people's business". It was a mixture of an oligarchy and a democracy. 
• Plebeians- common people 
• Consuls (colleagues) held military and government power. They had a year-long term, after which they chose their successors. There were two of them in power at all times, so as to veto one another
• Dictator- someone who in a state of emergency, could be appointed by the consul to have full decision making power for a maximum of six months. 
• Before the 5th century BC no laws were officially written down, but were passed down orally 
• In 450 BC the Roman laws were engraved on twelve slabs of wood or bronze called the "Twelve Tables" and mounted in the public square for all to see. 
• Plebeians began electing their own magistrates called tribunes. These tribunes could initiate and veto laws. 
• By 250 BC the plebeians had all the same rights as the patricians. 
• Client- less wealthy citizen who were protected and paid by a rich patron in return for personal services and campaigning.
• The Romans believed that the prosperity of their community depended on the gods or goddesses. 
• Pontiffs- a group of priests who were responsible for maintaining the "peace of gods" 

Greece Testt

Today in Western Civ we took a test on Greece and stuff. I was stressing all morning (because I forgot to study) but it actually wan't as hard as I thought. I studied the quizlet during an off-mod but there was practically nothing helpful on there. I finished with like fifteen minutes left of class which was coooll. For the rest of class everyone just worked on their blogs and John Paul probably played a game and I lit up..... Oh and it was open blog which kinnddaaa made my day. So yeah and we don't have class on Thursdays but Friday we'll probably get to see what we got and go over answers and stufffff. I guess we don't have any homework but to bloggggg soooooooooooooo happy Wednesday

Ps, I miss Grace

Tesst tomorrooowww

Today we reviewed for the Greece test we have tomorrow by watching the video about Athens or whatever againn. We only got like half way through so to study I guess I'll just watch the rest of it. So we got to change our seats which was cool I guess but I just stayed in the same place. We also went over the rest of the questions on the quiz thing real quick so here they are:
 25. These people ruled an empire that stretched all the way from Egypt and Asia Minor to India and the Himalaya Mountains. Persians
26. Apollo was said to speak prophesies through this person. An ominous prophesy caused the Greeks  much worry before the Persians' second invasion. Oracle of Delphi
27. This prominent city-state had a fearsome infantry and was located in southeastern Peloponnese. Sparta
28. He was the leader of the gods and the father of the goddess of wisdom. Zeus

58 point Greek Quiz

1. She was a trusted associate of Pericles and may have even written some of his speeches. Aspasia.
2. He was a war hero who had many adventures while trying to return home after the Trojan Wars. Odysseus.
3. In 508 BC he and his Spartian allies were driven from power by the very first "people's revolution". Isagoras.
4. This goddess is the patron of Greece's' capital city. Athena
5. An open "place of assembly" agora
6. A sporting competion where the common man could compete against aristocrats. The olympics
7. A notion of excellence. arete
8. He composed the Iliad and the Odyssey. Homer
9. When these less advanced people dominated Greece, writing disappeared for 400 years. Dorians.
10. He watched from a golden throne as his forces were defeated at the Straits of Salamis. Xerxes.
11. This city-state was the home of democracy and the head of the Delian League. Athens
12. He was recalled from exile and asked to build democracy. Cleisthenes
13. The most beautiful building of it's time, dedicated to a goddess whose 40 foot statue was found within it. Parthenon
14. In a Greek tragedy, he was the main character who fulfilled a prophesy the he would kill his father and sleep with mom. Oedipus.
15. This general rose from the ranks of the common people Themistocles.
16. An association of Greek city-states whose purpose was to remain united against their enemies. Delian League.
17. A fast agile ship. trireme
18. A hero of ancient Greece who inspired the marathon. Pheidippides
19. Commanded the first Persian invasion of Greece. Darius
20. Their Kings dominated Greece from 1600 to 1200 BC. Mycenaeans
21. Legends. Myths

NO TEST(:

SO today since we didn't have school Monday the test will be postponed 'till next week. I gave my second killer presentation. 100% Here is the website for the rehab center I will be attending: http://www.lifebridgehealth.org/SinaiRehabilitationCenter/SinaiHospitalRehabilitationCenter.aspx

Worst day ever

SO today was kind of the worst day of my life. Like honestly we should have just stayed home and had a cyber day. my back is super sore from the stupid bleachers and the auditorium was freeezinggggg. My foot fell asleep and I am extreemly upset. That will be all.

Presentation day

Today in Western Civ, Alexa and I finally presented our little project thingys. I miss Graceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee. So after that we didn't really do anything...... we talked about tomorrows class. Mr. Schick wont be there a g a i n  so we are pretty much going to have a free mod.. We are supposed to study for the test we'll have on Friday or something on Greece. SO yeahhhh that's like it I guess. Happy Tuesday !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

St. Patrick's Dayyyyyyyyyy

1. Which of the following is not a characteristic of Greece?
1. peninsula      b. many islands     c. mountainous                d. mostly fertile land

2. Approximately ___________ of Greece is covered by mountains.
1. 2/3                  b. 3/4                         c. 1/2                          d. 1/4

3. Define the term barbarian as it was originally used in the ancient world.

a.     The Greeks first used this term to describe those foreigners that they could not understand, but seemed to be saying "bar bar" when speaking.

b.     A group of people that is able to quickly adapt to the new environment in which they arrive despite speaking a foreign tongue.

c.      A group of people migrating into a territory where they do not speak the native tongue.

d.     A life based upon farming, warfare, and tribal organization.

e.     The word came from the Greek "barbaros," which originally meant "Non-Greek."

4.     What defines a megalithic structure?

a.     Homes that were constructed for people during the Neolithic period

b.     Fortifications constructed for people during the Neolithic period

c.      Massive rough-cut stones used to construct monuments and tombs

d.     Giant dinosaurs whose fossil remains were visible to ancient peoples

e.     Evidence of advanced technological tools

5.     What does the term tribe refer to?

a.      A social and political unit consisting of a group of communities held together by common interests, traditions, and real or mythical ties of kinship

b.      A family-based group governed by a hereditary chieftain

c.       A clan-based group prior to the advent of city-states in the Greek world

d.      A group of warriors, related by blood, who are governed by a king or queen

e.      All of these

6. Tribes were governed by
1. Warrior kings or queens                                        d.  all of these
2. Chieftains                                                                  e.  none of these
3. Tribal leaders chosen by warriors

7. Who were the first European barbarians to make contact with civilization?
1. Greeks                                                                       d.  Phoenicians
2. Hittites                                                                      e.  people of Asian Minor
3. Celts

8. Which of the following modern-day countries would NOT be considered a member of “Western civilization”?
1. Greece                                                                        d.  Italy
2. England                                                                     e.  United States
3. China

9. What is the name of the sea located just west of the Greek mainland?
1. Mediterranean Sea                                                  d.  Ionian Sea
2. Aegean Sea                                                                e.  Chesapeake Bay
3. Atlantic Ocean

10. What is the name of the sea located just east of the Greek mainland?
1. Mediterranean Sea                                                  d.  Ionian Sea
2. Aegean Sea                                                                e.  Chesapeake Bay
3. Atlantic Ocean

11. What were the major crops the Aegean people lived on?
1. Rice, vines, and olives
2. Potatoes, vines, and olives
3. Grain, vines, and olives
4. Onions, wheat, and beer
5. Corn, wheat, and rice

12. Which civilization arose on the island of Crete?
1. Mycenaean                                                                d.  Persian
2. Minoan                                                                      e.  Phoenician
3. Spartan

13. Which civilization established settlements along the Greek mainland’s southern shore and on some islands?
1. Mycenaean                                                                d.  Persian
2. Minoan                                                                      e.  Phoenician
3. Spartan 

14. Which civilization built massive walls to protect themselves from attack?
1. Mycenaean                                                                d.  Persian
2. Minoan                                                                      e.  Phoenician
3. Spartan

15. A period of Greek history in which the population dropped, ships no longer sailed, and writing fell out of use, is called the
1. First Persian War                                                    d.  Dark Ages
2. Megalithic Destruction                                          e.  none of these
3. Collapse of Crete

16. Following this time period, the Greeks joined which group as the leading commercial and seafaring nation of the Mediterranean?
1. Etruscans                                                                  d.  Persians
2. Egyptians                                                                   e.  Phoenicians
3. Hittites

17. In historical writing, the letter “c” might appear before a date, as in “c. 1500 BC.”  What does this “c” mean?
1. around                                                                       d.  all of these
2. about                                                                          e.  none of these
3. circa

18. By 600 BC, Greek city-states dotted the coastlines around the Mediterranean Sea.  These were called
1. colonies                                                                     d.  hoplites
2. demos                                                                                    e.  megaliths
3. Starbucks

19. Although they varied in size, ancient Greek city-states most closely resembled what modern-day geographical feature?
1. cities                                                                           d.  nations
2. counties                                                                     e.  continents
3. states

20.  This is a form of government in which a small group of citizens dominated, and the power of the majority was limited in various ways.
1. democracy                                                                 c.  oligarchy
2. monarchy                                                                  d.  tyranny

21. This is a form of government in which decisions were made by the majority of adult male citizens.
1. democracy                                                                 c.  oligarchy
2. monarchy                                                                  d.  tyranny 

22. This is a form of government in which a self-proclaimed dictator held power.
1. democracy                                                                 c.  oligarchy
2. monarchy                                                                  d.  tyranny

23. This is a form of government in which power is held by a single ruler, and is often passed along from father to son.
1. democracy                                                                 c.  oligarchy
2. monarchy                                                                  d.  tyranny

24. Spartans used this government system.
1. democracy                                                                 c.  oligarchy
2. monarchy                                                                  d.  tyranny

25. At what age did Spartan males begin their military training?
1. seven                                                                          d.  eighteen
2. twelve                                                                                    e.  twenty-one
3. fifteen

26. What was the wealthiest city-state in the ancient Greek world?
1. Athens                                                                       d.  Sparta
2. Thebes                                                                       e.  Argos
3. Corinth

27. This was the high fortified citadel and religious center of an ancient Greek town.
1. Parthenon                                                                 d.  helos
2. Pantheon                                                                  e.  polites
3. acropolis

28. This was the name of the southern peninsula where Sparta was located.
1. Anatolia                                                                     d.  Stonehenge
2. Mt. Olympus                                                             e.  Peloponnesus
3. Crete

29. These were massive fighting ships with three banks of oars, used to ram or board enemy ships.
1. phalanxes                                                                  d.  biremes
2. hoplites                                                                      e.  triremes
3. tyrants

30. This was a heavily armed and armored citizen-soldier of ancient Greece.
1. phalanx                                                                      d.  bireme
2. hoplite                                                                       e.  trireme
3. tyrant

  

Short answer.    

1. You recall the time period when the Greek population dropped, ships no longer sailed, and writing fell out of use.  What years did this period begin and end? It began around 1150 BC and ended around 750 BC 

2. During the time period when writing fell out of use, the poet Homer is said to have told stories of the Trojan War, and of a war hero attempting to return to his home.  What are the titles of these two stories? The odyssey and the Iliad. 

3. The word “Mediterranean” originally meant ______Middle World ______________ .

4. What were prominent and long-established Athenian land-owners called? Aristocrats.